Occupational Health And Safety Management Systems Research Articles

Обеспечение "функциональности" систем управления охраной труда: действующий обзор стандарта OHSAS 18001

Over the past decade, an increasing number of studies have yielded results on many aspects of occupational health and safety management systems, however, a review of scientific results does not provide an unambiguous sample. We eliminate this gap in the study with a realistic review of the mechanisms of occupational health and safety management systems (OSMS). After a thorough literature search, 14 articles with empirical studies were selected for the review, which we used as a realistic synthesis procedure for analyzing software theories and for analyzing context-mechanism-result (CMR) configurations. OHSAS System Analysis Standard 18001 describes three program theories: operational, institutional, and compliance. Five CMR configurations confirm the program's theories: integration, learning, motivation, translation, and attention. The configurations emphasize that certain combinations of context and mechanisms are necessary for the successful application of the QMS. Therefore, we describe specific ways to successfully implement the «Certified Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems» (SSMSS), as well as internal contextual elements. Thus, the conducted research can be used by organizations as a basis for a thorough internal assessment before the implementation of the standardization system. However, additional research is needed for a more detailed understanding of how to ensure a successful result, and for the functioning of the new ISO 45001 standard

Perceptions of forest product businesses employees in Turkey regarding occupational health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has undeniably brought up the issue of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) for businesses in Turkey. In this global pandemic, strategies developed to effectively address OHS risks and eliminate them with reliable, high-quality data have gained importance. This study aimed to determine the perceptions of employees in the forest products industry in Turkey regarding the OHS during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample of the descriptive and analytical study consisted of a total of 371 employees in forest product businesses located in Turkey. The sample of the study was determined by the purpose-based sampling method. Data were collected both online and face-to-face from June 2022 to October 2022. The data were obtained using the Questionnaire of Employee and Business Characteristics and the Scale of Employees' Perceptions on the OHS (S-POHS) adapted by Özden (2022). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and calculated by descriptive analyses, pairwise comparison tests and multivariate regression analyses. 39.1% of the employees with a mean age of 34.12±8.78 years are high school graduates and 61.5% are workers. Significant differences were found in the S-POHS average scores of the employees in the businesses that produce paper-cardboard, have operated for less than 20 years, have a partnership structure with foreign capital and have an OHS Management System Quality Certificate (p < 0.05). While a positive OHS perception level has already been achieved in the forest products industry in business administrations and by employees, it is clear that this should not be lost and it should be prepared for the next crises by adding new applications.

Perceived Factors Affecting the Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems in the South African Construction Industry

Although notable efforts have been made in the past to improve Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), the overall performance has not significantly improved as high-level injuries, risks, and fatalities continue to occur. Earlier studies have shown that implementing an Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) ensures a reduction in accidents on site, which is, however, not easy due to the many challenges arising during its implementation. The research objectives were to identify, in order of importance, factors that affect the implementation of an OHSMS on construction sites and to analyse how an OHSMS can be implemented in the construction industry of the Western Cape, South Africa, using the Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) method. The research questionnaire obtained online opinions from construction professionals. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 27.0. The data were interpreted through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, frequencies, descriptive statistics, and a multi-regression analysis. A multi-regression test was conducted to determine the relationship between internal and external factors and the implementation of an OHSMS, including the use of the PDCA method. The findings reveal that both internal and external factors affected the implementation of the OHSMS. The most important internal factors were risk control strategies, senior management commitment, and support and communication channels. The most common external factors were pressure from clients on project delivery, company reputation, OHS enforcement, and government legislation. A framework was developed to outline how an OHSMS can be implemented using the PDCA approach based on the findings from this study. The framework can be adopted by the construction industry to improve effectiveness when implementing their OHSMS.

Sistemas de gerenciamento em saúde e segurança do trabalho: uma abordagem sistêmica

Abstract Risks are intrinsic to any human activity. Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMSs) are mechanisms designed to mitigate risks, protect workers, and ensure productivity. This study aimed to support researchers’ reflective analysis by examining scientific literature related to OHSMSs and identifying possibilities for future research with practical significance. Employing a qualitative approach, this systematic review was conducted using bibliographic procedures and action research. The intervention instrument ProKnow-C guided by a structured process from a constructivist perspective, was applied. A total of 3,130 studies were analyzed to select the bibliographic portfolio. The systemic analysis revealed that most articles neither demonstrate legitimacy nor consider companies’ particularities. The paper advances theoretical knowledge of OHSMSs by assessing relevant studies in the field, identifying evolution patterns, and highlighting gaps. A research agenda is proposed to guide the development of future models. We conclude that the challenges of designing ad hoc OHSMSs and incorporating the decision-makers’ knowledge throughout the process when addressed, have the potential to significantly contribute to the advancement of this field of knowledge.

Developing an ISO 45001-based OHSMS for a Bogotá, Colombia real estate and property development company

Today, many organizations are seeking to implement continuous improvement plans not only to achieve greater economic benefits but also to improve the quality of life for their employees. The importance of reducing and preventing workplace accidents, protecting the health and well-being of employees, and preventing work-related illnesses has increased. This article focuses on the development of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) for an organization in the real estate and property development services sector in Bogotá. The design of the OHSMS is based on the identification of the deficiencies of the current system and the proposal of continuous improvement, according to the ISO 45001: 2018 standard. The design process included three stages of research: 1. initial diagnosis, 2. hazard and risk assessment, and 3. management system performance assessment with appropriate controls and indicators. This article evaluates working conditions in production and in enclosed spaces, such as offices. The integration of these aspects ensures a comprehensive vision of occupational health and safety in real estate and property development companies. The design of the OHSMS is an essential step towards the continuous improvement of working conditions and the well-being of employees. Compliance with the ISO 45001: 2018 standard aims to ensure a safe and healthy working environment for all members of the organization.

Critical Success Factors in Occupational Safety and Health Management System: A Review Existing Literature

Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (OSHMS) play a crucial role in systematically managing risks and preventing injuries and illnesses in organisations. To ensure effective implementation of OSHMS, it is essential to focus on key critical success factors (CSFs) which leads to successful OSH performance. This is a review which aims to identify CSFs related to OSHMS implementation in organisations. Literature searches were conducted via Scopus and ScienceDirect online databases to identify articles published between the year 2008 to 2019. Search terms such as “critical success factor”, “success factors’’, “occupational safety and health management system”, “occupational health”, and “management system” were used as keywords and a traditional review concept was selected. Inclusion criteria involved English articles available in open-access journals or subscribed search engines, focusing on CSFs and/or OSHMS. The main themes of CSFs were summarised into categories fitting the Socio-Technical approach. Five studies were selected and reviewed, representing the aviation, construction and chemical industry sectors. These studies employed various tools involving questionnaires, qualitative techniques and structured interviews to determine CSFs. The identified CSFs primarily revolved around internal factors such as management commitment and leadership, cost and resource allocation and employee participation. These CSFs can serve as key areas to support the effective implementation of OSHMS and organisations can focus to improve their own internal factors to enhance their OSHMS implementation and ensure the safety, health, and well-being of their workers. This review provides valuable insights for organisations seeking a scalable framework for guiding OSHMS implementation basedon the identified CSFs.

Autoethnography in workplace safety: Revealing the suffering of unintentional first responders in the Canadian trucking industry and beyond

The author presents evocative and analytical autoethnography as a promising qualitative research methodology for application in occupational health and safety (OHS) practice and research, where it is not currently a commonly used technique. Through an autoethnography, the author discusses OHS in the Canadian trucking industry and trauma as a result of witnessing and responding to collisions as a trucker or other unintentional first responder. Using a personal and traumatic experience of witnessing and then providing assistance at a collision involving a freight train and small car, the author attempts to show the reader what a trucker goes through in such a situation for the purpose of revealing these experiences and humanizing OHS data. The use of autoethnography in this way is presented as an additional and relatively new tool for OHS researchers and practitioners as a way to address, with their OHS management systems, the psychosocial hazards staff may face that may be unknown to the employer for cultural reasons within the trucking industry. The role of employers in addressing psychosocial hazards is explored and autoethnography is positioned as a tool employers may use in expanding their safety management systems into the area of psychosocial hazard mitigation, all within a Canadian trucking OHS context but with applications beyond the trucking industry.

Implementation of the SGSST to reduce the level of risk in the company Molino Agroindustria Alexander S.A.C.

The benefit of an excellent implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS) is reflected in the well-being and quality of work life, the decrease in absenteeism rates due to illness, the reduction of accident and mortality rates due to work accidents and the increase in business productivity, which is why it was decided to implement an OSHMS to reduce the risk level in the company Molino Agroindustria Alexander S.A.C. The research methodology responds to an explanatory level, with a pre-experimental design. After the application of the SGSST, the level of risk in the company decreased, being 50% in the trivial level, 33% in the tolerable level and 17% in the moderate level. Therefore, it is concluded that the Management System reduces the labor risks in the company Molino Agroindustria Alexander S.A.C.

Benefits of Implementing Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems for the Sustainable Construction Industry: A Systematic Literature Review

Accidents are more prevalent in the construction industry compared to other economic sectors. Therefore, understanding the benefits of occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMSs) in terms of their sustainable implementation, management and performance, as well as the awareness of OHMSs and barriers to their implementation, are important for improving OHSMSs in the sustainability of the construction industry. Although there is considerable research on OHSMSs, further assessments are needed concerning other aspects of OHSMSs, particularly the benefits of OHSMSs. Thus, this review paper summarises the empirical state of the art of OHSMS activities. Scopus, Web of Science and other databases were searched using predefined standards. The query was limited to articles published from 1999 to 2023. Consequently, one hundred and four articles were selected and analysed. These articles present analyses of OHSMSs and their potential benefits concerning the implementation of OHSMSs and management, performance, awareness, and barriers in relation to OHSMSs. The results reveal that 12.50% of the reviewed studies assessed the implementation of OHSMSs in the construction industry, and 25.96% studied the management of OHSMSs. Analyses of the performance of OHSMSs in the construction industry accounted for 8.65%, analyses of the awareness of OHSMSs accounted for 4.81%, model-related analyses accounted for 13.46%, studies on the significance/benefits of OHSMSs accounted for 3.85%, studies on the barriers/challenges associated with OHSMSs accounted for 5.77%, analyses on the safety indicators of OHSMSs accounted for 2.88% and other types of studies accounted for 20.19%. This study further reveals that the implementation of OHSMSs is characterised by a dearth of proper communication, the non-utilisation of personal protective equipment (PPE), wrong postures and work activities, a dearth of training, physiological factors including burnout and stress, and a dearth of safety culture and orientation; in addition, matters relating to compliance with effective laws are significant safety challenges in the construction industry. However, the rationality for evaluating the benefits of OHSMSs, comprising their implementation, management and performance, as well as awareness of and barriers to OHSMSs, is challenging to authenticate because appropriate field, survey, organisational and clinical data concerning incident occurrences in the construction industry are lacking for comprehensive evaluations. Thus, this novel study presents our effort to narrow this gap by establishing a framework for increasing our understanding of the benefits of implementing OHSMSs and accident reduction.

3 Integration of ISO 45001:2018 Clausula with OHS Criteria and Gap Analysis Criteria 1.1 – 1.2 OHS In PT. X Pasuruan

Introduction: Based on ILO data, 2018 shows that every year 13.7% workers die as a result of accidents or diseases, even though employee is one of the most important human capital assets in company. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Factors managed with applicable regulations. ISO 45001 is an International Standard that regulates the requirements for the OHS Management System. In Indonesia we called it OHS. All sub-systems OHS aim to prevent any unwanted incidents. Objective: To determine integration between ISO 45001:2018 and OHS clauses and determine analysis regarding application of OHS on criteria 1.1 and 1.2 at PT. X. Method: Research method uses qualitative research with a gap analysis approach. Result and Discussion: The research results show that ISO 45001:2018 clause that most relevant to the OHS criteria is clause 8 with 16 equal clauses, while least relevant clause is clause 4 with 1 equal clause. As for the results of gap analysis for application of criterion 1.1 at PT.X 60% do not require CAPA while the application of criteria 1.2 80% does not require CAPA. Conclusion: Not all clauses of ISO 45001:2018 and OHS criteria can be integrated. Application of OHS criteria 1.1 and 1.2 at PT. X is good.

Occupational Safety and Health Management in Selected Industrial Sectors in Sudan

Introduction: Since Heinrich's early studies, work has been recognized as a substantial contributor to psychological and physical illness. Fast technological, economic, and social advancements have increased the number of occupational fatalities and illnesses in developing nations. Nonetheless, it is demonstrated that the creation, application, and enforcement of Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (OSHMS) reduce accidents and enhance employees' well-being. This study aims to understand Sudan's current occupational safety and health situation and identify any challenges or gaps in the current system. Methods: A mixed methods approach deploying a literature review and secondary data was adopted to answer the research question about the status of occupational health and safety in Sudan. Results: A comparison of the artisanal and organized gold mining sectors over the years 2018-2020 shows an increase in the number of accidents in the artisanal sector but a sharp decrease in both the number and severity of accidents in the organized sector. The frequency rate declined in the organized sector but fluctuated in the artisanal sector. It was also found that many OSH incidents of different types and levels of severity occurred. In 2020, the Fatal Accident Rate (FAR) was 66.48 in artisanal gold mining, 0.55 in organized gold mining, and 0.01 in oil and gas. However, calculating and comparing other sectors' performance indicators to evaluate OSH's status was not possible for many reasons. Conclusion: Findings were constrained, possibly due to the limited occupational health and safety data. There is an urgent need to strengthen and improve the governance of occupational safety and health in Sudan. A more comprehensive study needs to be undertaken to assess the status of the OSH in formal and non-formal sectors and investigate the correlation of OSH to workers’ well-being and the Sudanese economy.

The Suitability Analysis of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS) Application at the Budhi Asih Jakarta Hospital

Budhi Asih Hospital is one of the regional general hospitals (RSUD) in Jakarta. Accidents are often the result of negligence while working by medical personnel. Applying an occupational safety and health management system (OSHMS) according to standards can provide OSH guarantees for medical staff. The study aimed to find the suitability of the implementation of OSHMS with Government Regulation Number 50 of 2012 and the factors that influence the implementation of OSHMS in Budhi Asih Hospital. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection through checklist interviews on PP No. Indicators. 50 of 2012, interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that RSUD Budhi Asih implemented OSHMS according to Government Regulation No. 50 of 2012, namely 87%. It means that the suitability level is satisfactory. At the same time, some elements still need to be implemented, and factors that influence the implementation of OSHMS, namely elements of commitment to awareness of human resources, consistency of socialization from the HOSH team, infrastructure, and a budget that still needs to be improved. This study concludes that most Budhi Asih Hospitals have implemented OSHMS by Government Regulation 50 of 2012 in the excellent category. This research suggests that the management of the East Jakarta Budhi Asih Hospital evaluates elements that still need to be improved, such as socializing the application of OSH culture and reporting within the Budhi Asih Hospital environment.

Review of Occupational Health and Safety Management System and Hazards Controls in the Motion &amp; Industrial Automation Products Manufacturing Industries

Occupational injuries are a major problem worldwide and affect all countries, particularly developing ones. In recent decades, the application of approaches such as the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) has led to the successful control of workplace injuries in high-income countries. The Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) 18001 as a world- recognized OHSMS has gained considerable acceptance by a large number of organizations. However, few studies have examined the effectiveness of ISO 45001on safety performance in certified organizations. This study consisted of four sub-studies, and was conducted to explore the effect of ISO 45001on the occupational injury, safety climate, and Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) practices in ISO 45001-certified companies compared with a control group in Iran. ISO 45001practices were also examined in the certified companies, where interviews were conducted to explore the influencing factors on the effectiveness of ISO 45001. A negative binomial regression indicated no significant effect of ISO 45001certification on the occupational injury rate. The second sub-study applied a new safety climate questionnaire, and a hierarchical regression indicated that the safety climate was influenced by the implementation of ISO 45001and safety training. The third sub-study pointed to the better OHS practices of the certified companies compared with the control ones. The results also showed that adopting the ISO 45001standard improved the documentation for the management of OHS, but did not lead to continuous improvement in the required practices. The evaluation of the collected evidence revealed the main reasons for a poor safety culture. The interviewees emphasized the internal and external influencing factors in the effectiveness of OHSAS including commitment of top management and the enforcement of OHS legal requirements. It can be concluded that the implementation of ISO 45001in an organization is not a guarantee of improved safety performance and of the existence of a high-quality management system. This study suggests that certified companies should focus on proper improvement and maintenance of the implemented management systems by escalating their commitment to the requirements of the established management systems and by participating their employees in ISO 45001practices. This study also emphasized the importance of providing safety training for employees who work in the certified companies. These efforts may help the companies in the creation of a good safety culture and the transforming the paper systems into effective management systems to make improvement in OHS performance. The aim of this report to assess and evaluate the effective implementation of occupational health &amp; management system and hazards controls in the Motion &amp; Industrial Automation products manufacturing Industries as per the relevant ISO standards and hierarchy of hazards controls, which is a system used in industry to minimize or eliminate exposure to hazards. Falls, chemical spills, fire, explosions, working at height, confined space working, mechanical material handling, etc. are few kinds of incidents that can happen in a manufacturing environment. Such incidents are not only tragic and frequently fatal for workers, but also extremely expensive for the employers. Between worker’s compensation, regulatory penalties, reduced/diminished productivity and the costs of fixing or replacing damaged equipment, a single incident can financially devastate a business. To avoid industrial accidents / catastrophes, keep your people from harm, ensure manufacturing compliance, and protect your bottom line, you need to get serious about safety. Manufacturing Safety is everything organizations does to ensure the physical well-being of the workers in the manufacturing facility or facilities. Manufacturing Safety is also about more than checking a few boxes or putting up ‘safety first’ signage.  Manufacturing Safety keeps people alive and unharmed.  Manufacturing Safety is also tied to workforce productivity.  Manufacturing Safety is an essential form of risk management.  Manufacturing Safety is a legal requirement.  Manufacturing Safety and Profitability go hand-in-hand. Safe companies perform better and sustain in the business longer that unsafe companies.

The Occupational Safety and Health Management in the National Defence System - Structural Architecture

Abstract This paper aims to describe the context and some theoretical approaches needed to analyze and justify the need to implement an occupational safety and health management system (OSHMS) in the National Defense System (NDS). The specialized literature includes a very small number of articles and no concrete approaches regarding OSHM in the field of national defense can be identified. As a result, a brief analysis of the main aspects that can be the subject of much more in-depth studies regarding the specific issue in this field was considered appropriate. The first part of this article includes a description of the specific context of NDS, whose objectives are constantly adapted to the dynamics of economic, geo-political and security factors that are constantly changing. Next, the most eloquent theoretical approaches related to OSHMS and risk management that could be adapted to NDS are mentioned. The final part of this paper is intended to be a proposed structural architecture of OSHMS in NDS. The form proposed by the group of authors is based on a detailed analysis of the literature in the field of OSH corroborated with the experiences acquired throughout the academic and in the military field of the members of the drafting group.

Development and psychometric evaluation of an occupational health and safety performance tool for manufacturing companies

BackgroundThe occupational health and safety (OHS) performance of organizations maybe affected by internal and external factors. According to a literature review, standardized tools for studying these factors are limited. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to examine psychometric properties of a tool for evaluating OHS performance. The tool was used to investigate the relationship between the identified OHS performance influencing factors and occupational injury. MethodsThe questionnaire developed through conducting a literature review about the OHS performance and constructing a question pool. The number of items was reduced to 93 after performing a screening process. Sixteen OHS scholars offered feedback on the tool's phrasing and applicability to check face and content validity. Test-retest reliability was examined through intraclass correlation coefficients. 850 questionnaires were distributed at 12 manufacturing companies in the West Azerbaijan province in Iran, 600 valid questionnaires were returned. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to assess construct validity. Criterion validity was investigated by measuring agreement between its OHS performance scores and occupational injury. A set of regression analyses examined the variables associated with OHS influencing factors. ResultsValidity analysis revealed that 93 items had an excellent content validity ratio (>0.79) and content validity index (>0.47). The exploratory factor analysis resulted in eleven OHS performance factors. Thirty-three items were removed because of inadequate reliability. The result of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the OHS performance model is satisfactory. The final 60-item scale's reliability score was 0.96. The safety system was identified as the main influencing factor (3.54 ± 0.65). Participants with more safety training reported more injuries. Safety training and injury experiences, company size, and occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) adoption affected OHS performance influencing factors. Occupational injuries were linked to company size (OR = 1.39, CI = 1.06–1.82), whereas the absence of OHSMS was connected with an increased risk of occupational injury (OR = 0.09, CI = 0.02–0.55). ConclusionsThe developed tool had satisfactory psychometric properties for assessing OHS performance in manufacturing companies. OHS performance could be improved by implementing safety systems and focusing more on incentive programs. Implementing the requirements of an OHSMS may improve the OHS performance and decrease occupational injuries.

Rigidity in crisis: The impact of OHSAS 18001 certification on production repurposing during COVID‐19

AbstractIt is important for firms to repurpose production responsively during a crisis such as the COVID‐19 pandemic, to seize the market opportunity and create social value. However, occupational health and safety (OHS) can also be a concern in a crisis, and adherence to OHS management systems can undermine a firm's responsiveness in repurposing decision making. We adopt the “capability–rigidity” lens to construct a connection between OHS management standards (i.e., OHSAS 18001) and firms’ adaptation responsiveness. After sampling 734 listed Chinese manufacturing firms, our match‐based analysis reveals that firms certified with OHSAS 18001 were less responsive during COVID‐19 in terms of production repurposing than those without the certification. Yet, certain experience, namely, prepandemic manufacturing of related products, experience of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic, and being geographically located close to firms that produced medical supplies, could attenuate this effect. We discuss the implications of our findings in the context of and adding to the literature on safety management, certified management standards, and organizational adaptation and learning.

Evaluation of effectiveness and improvement factors of occupational health and safety management system in the Republic of Korea Navy based on AHP-entropy and IPA.

The Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) has applied Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS), but the effectiveness of OHSMS is being questioned due to continuous industrial accidents that continue to occur. Although OHSMS, which has been generally applied in enterprises, has more potential for improper implementation in the military, there are few studies on OHSMS in the military. Therefore, this study verified the effectiveness of OHSMS in the ROKN and derived improvement factors. This study was conducted in a two-step process. First, we surveyed 629 workers at the ROKN workplaces to confirm the effectiveness of OHSMS by comparing occupational health and safety (OHS) efforts according to whether OHSMS was applied and the period of application. Second, 29 naval OHSMS experts evaluated the factors for improving OHSMS using two decision-making tools: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-entropy and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). The study results indicate that the OHS efforts of OHSMS-applied workplaces were similar to that of unapplied. Also, no better OHS efforts were identified in workplaces with more extended OHSMS application periods. There were five improvement factors of OHSMS applied to the ROKN workplaces, with the highest weight in the following order: consultation and participation of workers; resources; competence; hazard identification and risk assessment; and organizational roles, responsibilities, and authorities. The effectiveness of OHSMS in the ROKN was insufficient. Therefore, the ROKN needs focused improvement efforts on the five requirements to implement OHSMS practically. These results can be helpful information for the ROKN to apply OHSMS more effectively for industrial safety.

Integrated management systems and organizational performance: a multidimensional perspective

To foster competitive advantages, many organizations have implemented quality management systems (QMS), environment management systems (EMS) and occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) with a predisposition to integrate them. Thus, the objective of this article was to propose a mathematical model capable of measuring the workers’ perception of the impacts of integrated management systems on the organizational performance of a large company. For this, a questionnaire derived from a systematic literature review was applied. For data analysis, Cluster Analysis was used to group the observable variables. Subsequently, Factor Analysis (FA) was performed to determine the factor loads and the percentage of explanation of the items. Finally, it was implemented Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to measure the confluences between latent and observable variables and validate the theoretical model. The results showed that the items were grouped according to similarity through three dimensions associated with QMS, EMS and OHSMS, and that multidimensional FA explained latent traits in 73%. SEM parameters achieved excellent adjustment rates. The contribution of this study is in the validation of the theoretical structure (SEM) that explains how the Integrated Management System is perceived by workers.

Occupational health and safety management systems: opportunities and challenges

This study aimed to support researchers’ reflective analysis and to identify unexplored topics as possibilities for future research with practical importance about occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMSs). The paper investigates OHSMSs literature by assessing the development of the field and identifying evolution patterns and gaps. With a qualitative approach, this systematic review was developed with the adoption of bibliographic procedures and action research. The intervention instrument ProKnow-C, a structured process guided by the constructivist perspective, was used. 3,130 studies were analyzed. Based on the results, the paper identified prolific authors and the most studied economic sectors. The evolution of safety management systems goals is explained and the evolutionary movement of the systems is compared to Bititci´s. A literature map was illustrated to show the frequency that the aspects related to OHSMSs are being explored. It indicates that integrated systems and ergonomic aspects are the most discussed topics. Furthermore, there is a shortage of longitudinal studies. It is noteworthy to mention that ergonomic indicators are being introduced into OHSMSs and their correlation is a promising topic to be explored. The use of data science, artificial intelligence and machine learning has grown significantly and quickly and has contributed to the evolution of the area. We conclude that developing OHSMS by respecting the decision maker's knowledge throughout the process, incorporating ergonomic aspects and using AI methods is a challenge that will contribute to the advancement of OHSMSs.

Improvement of the safe work system

Purpose. To improve the approach to the development of a safe work system, one of the important elements of the occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) of employees at an enterprise. Methodology. The research is based on the Safe Systems of Work, which combines the content of safe procedures, which are determined taking into account the content of the workers production task when performing production activities, his/her competence in understanding the technological process and characteristics involved technological equipment. Findings. To reduce occupational diseases and industrial injuries at enterprises, it is proposed to implement the Safe Systems of Work (SSW) of 5 steps: analyse, summarize, anticipate, support, improve, which will make it possible to identify occupational risks (OR) and justify the feasibility of reducing their impact on the worker during the performance of production activities. For the implementation of each step, a corresponding procedure is provided, which allows ensuring their implementation. It is proposed to carry out the OR evaluation procedure according to the Tree Trunk Analysis model, which is a section of the trunk of a tree divided into six parts which characterize the dangerous factors that affect the activity of the employee, the functioning of the technological equipment and the environment. A feature of the proposed approach is the establishment of zones of interaction between the following components of the proposed SSW: the worker and technological equipment, the worker and the environment, as well as the environment and technological equipment, which characterize the specified external and internal factors of influence on the SSW. Originality. The approach to the organization of SSW to reduce the level of OR during the performance of production activities has been improved based on the improvement of the OR management process, the identification of external and internal dangerous factors that affect the level of OR, the probability of the occurrence of a dangerous event and its degree of severity, taking into account changes, over time, in the conditions of performing professional activities: during stable work, during an emergency situation, during an accident and during martial law. Practical value. Improved labour protection instructions or maps of safe production processes can be applied at enterprises with the aim of better perception by employees of labour safety requirements and improvement of document flow at the workplace.